Fault Simulation - TurboFault™



High Performance Fault Simulation

TurboFault™ combines high performance, versatility and accuracy. It is highly competitive with hardware accelerators for classical test fault grading. It supports synchronous and asynchronous designs at the gate level, including tri-state gates, latches, flip-flops, single and multi-port RAMs, complex bus resolution functions, and User Defined Primitives (UDPs). TurboFault reads Verilog gate-level netlists, and will also read Standard Delay Format (SDF) timing files.


Fault Models Supported

TurboFault™ supports reporting of fault coverage for many fault models. Along with support for the traditional Stuck-At 1/0 fault model, support is also provided for fault models needed for deep sub-micron designs.

Bridging Fault Support

TurboFault™ supports bridging faults model. The types of bridges supported are, wired-x, wired-or, wired-and, force-0, force-1 and dominate faults. The fault list for the bridging fault is to be provided by the designer from the layout data. For bridging fault simulation TurboFault switches to its brigding fault engine, and other setup is very similar to the stuck-at fault simulation flow.

Transition Fault Support

TurboFault™ also supports transition fault model in addition to the stuck-at and bridging fault models. Some Transition fault models like slow-to-rise and slow-to-fall are supported. The transition delay time has to be carefully specified by the designer and the simulation is run with the transition fault engine. The fault list for Transition fault simulation could be generated from TurboFault using Fault collapsing or supplied by  the designer. The rest of the flow is very similar to the stuck-at fault simulation.

IDDQ Testing

TurboFault™ is also capable of doing IDDQ simulation and will give you the test points for the IDDQ testing. If users want to increase the coverage for the stuck-at simulation, then IDDQ testing is a popular solution. The number of desired test points are to be specified and  TurboFault will use IDDQ engine during simulation to give the additional coverage information as well as the test points. The flow again is very similar to normal stuck-at simulation.


Advanced Cached-Concurrent™ Algorithm

TurboFault™ utilizes a new algorithm optimized for modern computer hardware that maximizes the power of today's workstations. SynTest Cached-Concurrent™ algorithm eliminates needless operations and with new Fast Queue™ technology combines the best of unit delay and cycle-based capabilities. No other fault simulator, hardware or software, matches the performance of TurboFault™.

TurboFault™ makes fault simulation an integral design tool for generating a quality manufacturing test set. TurboFault™ supports single timing delay for simulation accuracy and flexibility, without sacrificing speed.


Performance, Capacity, Flexibility

TurboFault™ is the fastest concurrent fault simulator based on the latest advances in cycle-based simulation technology. It simulates even faster than existing expensive hardware-accelerated fault simulators. Because fault simulation can consume memory very quickly, memory management is critical. TurboFault™ handles this by combining very efficient memory management, with special fault handling capability resulting in low memory consumption.

TurboFault™ provides special handling for Oscillating and Hyper-active faults. Oscillating faults are handled using a window approach. Any faults that oscillate longer than the window time are considered oscillating and automatically dropped. Hyper-active faults are also detected
internally and optionally dropped.


Sample TurboFault™ Single Workstation Performance:

ASIC size: 30 Million Gates
Number of Faults: 1% Sampling (~1.5M)
Number of Patterns: 3000 Pattern Files
Fault Simulation Time: 2 Weeks
Fault Coverage: 75%
Machine: 4 Linux 1GB

Functional test vectors are not the only component of the fault simulation. Many customers use an ATPG tool to generate additional test vectors for the faults undetected by the functional test vectors. By utilizing its powerful system simulation capabilities, TurboFault™ integrates and fault grades test programs from many sources. TurboFault accepts Verilog VCD, WGL, TDL, and SynTest ATPG patterns as input stimuli.


Multi-Pass and Incremental Simulation

TurboFault™ is intelligent enough to inspect the computer resources available and determine the optimal configuration for running a fault simulation job. If the number of faults is too large to fit into one computer at a time, TurboFault™ can partition the faults into separate groups and submit simulation tasks in multiple passes for each group. This automatic partitioning capability reduces the number of faults per pass and thus reduces paging. The results from different groups are then automatically merged in the final report.

Incremental simulation reduces the number of vectors per run. A stimulus suite often consists of test pattern files where each pattern file requires a separate fault simulation session. Merging different fault grading reports is a tedious and time consuming effort. TurboFault™ provides an easy way to accumulate fault grading results from different fault simulation sessions. This frees the user to focus on analyzing the overall result instead of struggling with sorting individual reports.


User Definable Fault Detection Criteria

TurboFault™ allows a user to define the criteria for a fault in order for it to be declared as detected. This gives the simulator the highest flexibility to emulate many test environments and Automated Test Equipment.


Fault Tracing Capability

TurboFault™ can also be used as a simple diagnostic tool. The fault tracing feature allows users to compare the circuit activities between faulty and normal chips. This can speed up tuning test vectors, isolating faulty circuits and debugging failed parts.


Crash Recovery Capability

TurboFault™ not only provides first rate performance but also power with second-to-none reliability. The crash recovery function allows recovery of the simulation data and protects results from any environmental adversities, such as network glitches and power outages. This feature ensures the highest and fastest rewards from the investment of time and computation resources.


User Interface & Library Modeling

TurboFault™ is one of the first EDA tools to adopt the powerful Tcl (Tool Command Language) user interface. Fault simulation control cannot be easier or more intuitive. Complicated fault simulation control can be quickly implemented in Tcl scripts with most common UNIX shells constructs available. The Tcl interface supports both batch and interactive modes.

TurboFault™ accepts gate-level cell descriptions and User Defined Primitives (UDPs). SynTest also provides a cell library builder to build gate-level models. The library is compatible across all SynTest tools, including VirtualScan™ /TurboScan™ATPG. TurboFault™ supports Verilog gate-level and single timing models.

TurboFault™ memory modeling provides basic memory building blocks for handling ROMs, and single and multi-port RAMs, either synchronous or asynchronous.


Reporting

TurboFault™ produces concise, detailed reports on fault coverage and fault classifications. In addition, undetected faults can be passed directly to SynTest ATPG tools for additional processing.

TurboFault™ reports faults as Hyperactive, Oscillatory, Hard Detect, Probably Detected, Potentially Detected, Undetected, or Uncompleted. Any or all of these can be combined in single or multiple reports which can be wrapped around as inputs for the next incremental fault simulation run, or passed to spreadsheet or plotting tools for analysis.


Platforms
  • Sun Solaris
  • HP-UX
  • Linux